Cursed Techniques are advanced applications of Cursed Energy. Cursed Techniques allow a user to channel cursed energy and perform a specific type of action. Cursed Energy can only be used as an impactful force in an attack or to buff up your own body to protect from external attacks. However, by using cursed techniques, this cursed energy can be utilized in a much better way.

Gojo Satoru compares cursed energy and cursed technique to electricity and electronics. Electricity in itself is not very useful (unless you want to electrocute someone). However, when used to power up electronics, one can gain a variety of uses with it.

Other than Shikigami and Barriers, the ability to use cursed energy is intrinsic.

Inherited techniques: Cursed techniques that are passed down through family lines are known as inherited techniques. The projection technique & ten shadows technique of the Zen’in family and the Blood Manipulation technique of the Kamo family are examples of inherited techniques. Inherited techniques are highly valued by the major families of Jujutsu Sorcerers.

Non-Inherited techniques: Cursed techniques that are unique to the user and not passed down are known as non-inherited techniques. Getou Cursed Spirit Manipulation is a good example of a non-inherited technique. He didn’t get it because of his genes. Same goes with Todo’s Boogie Woogie. These techniques sometimes manifest based on a user’s talent. Iori Utahime is good at singing and it is said to be a huge part of her cursed technique.

Based on how a user applies his innate technique, variations of the base technique can be derived. For instance when Gojo adds more cursed energy(cursed energy rotation) to his limitless in order to create a cursed energy Lapse. This is different from the neutral form of his Limitless Technique and can be called a Technique Variation or a Technique Extension. The same goes with Mahito’s soul multiplicity or Nobara’s Resonance and Hairpin.

Refer this link to view the cursed technique graph given in the fanbook of Jujutsu Kaisen!

Here’s a comprehensive of all major characters in JJK and their cursed techniques: